【permit的用法和搭配】在英语学习中,"permit" 是一个常见的动词,表示“允许”或“许可”。它既可以作及物动词使用,也可以作不及物动词使用。同时,它还可以作为名词使用,表示“许可证”或“执照”。为了帮助大家更好地掌握 "permit" 的用法和常见搭配,本文将从词性、基本用法、常见搭配以及例句等方面进行总结。
一、词性分类
词性 | 释义 | 示例 |
动词 | 允许、许可 | He permitted me to leave early. |
名词 | 许可证、执照 | She needs a driver's permit before she can drive. |
二、动词用法总结
1. 作及物动词(permit + 宾语)
表示“允许某人做某事”,结构为:permit + 宾语 + (to) do sth
- 例句:
- The teacher permitted the students to use their phones during the break.
- The law permits people to carry certain types of weapons.
2. 作不及物动词(permit + to do sth)
表示“被允许做某事”,结构为:be permitted to do sth
- 例句:
- Employees are permitted to take one day off per week.
- Visitors are not permitted to enter the restricted area.
3. 常见搭配
搭配 | 说明 | 例句 |
permit doing sth | 允许做某事(多用于正式或书面语) | The government permits smoking in designated areas. |
allow vs. permit | “allow” 更口语化,“permit” 更正式 | I allowed her to stay late, but the school didn't permit it. |
give a permit | 发放许可证 | The city gave a construction permit to the company. |
apply for a permit | 申请许可证 | You need to apply for a permit before starting the project. |
三、名词用法总结
作为名词时,"permit" 表示“许可证”或“执照”,常与介词搭配使用。
搭配 | 说明 | 例句 |
a driver’s permit | 驾驶证(初学阶段) | He got his driver’s permit last month. |
a work permit | 工作许可证 | Many immigrants need a work permit to work legally. |
a building permit | 建筑许可证 | The architect applied for a building permit before starting the project. |
四、常见错误与注意事项
1. 注意主谓一致
- 正确:The rule permits visitors to enter.
- 错误:The rule permit visitors to enter.
2. 避免混淆 "allow" 和 "permit"
- 虽然两者都可以表示“允许”,但 "permit" 更正式,常用于法律、官方文件等场合。
3. 注意被动语态的使用
- 正确:The door was permitted to open.
- 更自然的说法:The door was opened.
五、总结表格
项目 | 内容 |
词性 | 动词、名词 |
基本用法 | 允许某人做某事 / 被允许做某事 |
常见搭配 | permit + 宾语 + to do sth;be permitted to do sth;permit doing sth |
名词含义 | 许可证、执照 |
常见短语 | apply for a permit;give a permit;driver’s permit;work permit |
注意事项 | 主谓一致、避免与 allow 混淆、正确使用被动语态 |
通过以上整理,可以看出 "permit" 在不同语境下的灵活运用。掌握其基本结构和常见搭配,有助于提高英语表达的准确性和地道性。希望本文能对你的英语学习有所帮助!